Pitot Static Instruments 4-0
Altitude and Height Measurement 4-0
Pressure Altimeter 4.0
Encoding Altimeter 4.0
Radar Altimeter 4.0
Vertical-Speed Indicator 4-1
Airspeed Indicator 4-1
Types of Airspeed 4-1
True Airspeed Indicator 4-1
Mach Indicator 4-1
Gyroscopic Instruments 4-1
Sources of Power For Gyro Operation  4-2
PRINCIPLES OF THE GYROSCOPE 4-3
Attitude Indicators 4-3
Vacuum-Driven Attitude Indicators. 4-4
Caging. 4-4
Electric Attitude Indicators. 4-4
J-8 Attitude Indicator. 4-5
Erection and Caging Mechanisms. 4-5
Trends in Attitude Indicator Design 4-6
Turn and Slip Indicator 4-6
Turn Needle Operation. 4-6
Slip Indicator (Ball) Operation. 4-6
Turn Coordinator 4-6
Heading Indicators 4-7
Magnetic Attraction. 4-7
Magnetic Dip. 4-7
Compass Construction. 4-8
Variation. 4-8
Deviation. 4-8
Magnetic Dip. 4-8
Oscillation Error. 4-8
Vacuum-Driven Heading Indicator 4-8
Erecting Mechanism. 4-8
Caging Mechanism. 4-8
Azimuth Heading Indicator 4-9
Remote Indicating Compass 4-9
Radio Magnetic Indicator (RMI) 4-9
Horizontal Situation Indicator (HSI) 4-9
Integrated Flight System (Flight Director System) 4-9

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